Larsen & Toubro

By Nikunj Ohri and Sarita Chaganti Singh

NEW DELHI, Aug 21 (Reuters) - India is set to approve a $1.2-billion incentive scheme for the making of high-value, technologically sophisticated construction and infrastructure equipment, two government sources said, in a bid to reduce dependence on China for critical machinery.

The scheme, which is expected to be finalised soon, aims to draw $1.8 billion in fresh investment by offering incentives over seven years to domestic manufacturers of equipment including tunnel boring machines, fire-fighting equipment and elevators used in high-rise buildings, one of two the sources said.

India remains heavily dependent on imported tunnel boring machines, with China among the key suppliers of tunnelling and other boring equipment used in metro rail and highway construction, underscoring the country's long-standing struggle to build domestic manufacturing capacity.

The government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi is making a renewed push to reduce reliance on key imports even as previous attempts to boost domestic manufacturing have failed to make a dent.

The new scheme has been designed after assessing the incentives required to make local production viable against the country's existing import dependence, the sources said.

The incentive plan could benefit state-run BEML BEML.NS, which has plans to domestically manufacture tunnel boring machines, along with other equipment makers including Larsen and Toubro LART.NS and Johnson Lifts.

The plan would also include targets for local value addition for machines that are presently fully imported.

A final decision on the incentive plan is expected soon, both the sources said. India's federal heavy industries ministry and finance ministry did not respond to a request for comment.

India's construction and infrastructure equipment market, valued at 1 trillion rupees ($10.5 billion), is set to expand as the country accelerates spending on roads, metros, airports and other infrastructure.

CHINESE DEPENDENCE

Following the 2020 deadly border clashes between Indian and Chinese troops, New Delhi had imposed restrictions on investments and public procurement from Beijing.

In 2024, China gradually imposed restrictions on exports of tunnel boring machines by delaying customs clearances for shipments to India.

Imports of tunneling machinery from China dropped to $3 million in 2023-24 from $18 million a year earlier. They fell further to $500,000 in 2024-25, and were $800,000 in 2025-26.

The issue of easing restrictions on tunnel boring machines also figured in bilateral talks between the two countries last year.

In 2026, India eased restrictions on investments made by Chinese companies and gradually allowed Chinese firms to participate in government contracts.

The incentive plan aims to address the gap where India does not have sufficient manufacturing capability and has high import dependency, the first source said.

($1 = 95.6800 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Nikunj Ohri and Sarita Chaganti Singh; Editing by Lincoln Feast.)

(([email protected]; +91 90284 60730; Reuters Messaging: twitter.com/nikunj_ohri))

Aug 20 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - CONSORTIUM WINS LARGE ORDER FOR AUTOMATED PEOPLE MOVER AT DUBAI'S AL MAKTOUM AIRPORT

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - ORDER CLASSIFIED AS VALUE BETWEEN 25 BILLION RUPEES AND 50 BILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSEb7g1hd

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

MUMBAI, Aug 18 (Reuters) - India's L&T Finance LTFL.NS plans to raise up to 9 billion rupees ($94.07 million), including a greenshoe option of 7.5 billion rupees, through the reissue of 7.7942% August 2031 bonds, three bankers said on Tuesday.

It has invited coupon and commitment bids for the issue on Wednesday, they said.

The company did not immediately respond to a Reuters email seeking comment.

Here is the list of deals reported so far on August 18:

* Size includes base plus greenshoe for some issues

($1 = 95.6725 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Khushi Malhotra and Dharamraj Dhutia)

(([email protected], [email protected]))

L&T Energy Hydrocarbon Offshore secured an ultra-mega order valued above ₹15,000 crore from an unnamed Middle Eastern client to develop multiple offshore facilities. The EPCIC scope covered engineering, procurement, construction, installation and commissioning, with substantial fabrication planned at L&T’s integrated manufacturing facilities. The award followed an ultra-mega offshore order from ADNOC on 4 August and a major offshore award from ONGC on 7 August. L&T reported consolidated FY26 revenue of about ₹2.86 lakh crore and an order book of roughly ₹7.8 lakh crore, with international business accounting for 52% of the book.

Powered by Tijori

Aug 17 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO- SECURES ULTRA-MEGA ORDER FOR STRATEGIC OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN THE MIDDLE EAST

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - ORDER ABOVE 150 BLN RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE3CKT8k

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Larsen & Toubro secured a Mega order, classified at ₹10,000–15,000 crore, through Vyoma.AI and its subsidiary LTN Compute to deploy an NVIDIA B300 AI Factory for Together AI at its Chennai data-centre campus. The project will contain 10,000 NVIDIA B300 GPUs and support Together AI’s cloud platform for training, fine-tuning and inference workloads. Vyoma’s Chennai site was described as a gigawatt-scale campus, with Phase 1 designed for 250 MW and 150 MVA of power infrastructure readiness. L&T had been developing Vyoma as its sovereign AI-cloud and hyperscale data-centre business, while a July partnership with Fortanix focused on confidential computing.

Powered by Tijori

Aug 13 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - SECURES MEGA ORDER TO BUILD INDIA'S NVIDIA B300 AI FACTORY

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - ORDER IN THE RANGE OF 100 BILLION-150 BILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE6MMFMd

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Aug 11 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - TO TRANSFER DATA CENTER BUSINESS TO VYOMA FOR 14 BILLION RUPEES

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - TO DIVEST 100% IN L&T NETWORK SERVICES TO VYOMA FOR 300 MILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE7BTLBm

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Larsen & Toubro won a batch of major orders from the Oil & Natural Gas Corporation for offshore projects on India's west coast. The work covered engineering, procurement, construction, installation and commissioning of multiple subsea pipeline segments and associated modifications under PRP-X, as well as four well-head platforms; L&T classified the orders as “Major”, a category spanning ₹5,000 crore to ₹10,000 crore. L&T's order book stood at about ₹7.8 lakh crore in the first quarter of FY27, with international work accounting for 52%. The announcement followed a separate ultra-mega offshore award from ADNOC disclosed three days earlier.

Powered by Tijori

By Sethuraman N R

NEW DELHI, Aug 7 (Reuters) - State-owned Solar Energy Corporation of India is looking to supply an additional 1 million metric tons of locally produced green ammonia to fertiliser makers annually, its managing director said on Friday, as India seeks to reduce reliance on imports.

This follows SECI's announcement in March that fertiliser companies and local suppliers, including clean energy solution company ACME Cleantech and NTPC Green, had signed offtake agreements for 724,000 tons of green ammonia — a derivative of green hydrogen — which could cover one third of the country's requirements of the low-carbon fuel.

The 1-million-ton supply proposal will be based on tenders only, SECI's Akash Tripathi said.

India's fertiliser sector uses about 20 million tons of grey hydrogen annually, imported or produced from imported natural gas, Tripathi said at a Confederation of Indian Industry event on Friday, whose supplies have been disrupted by the Iran war.

Hydrogen extracted using renewable power such as solar is "green" while grey hydrogen is extracted from coal or natural gas using steam-methane reforming.

Backed by incentives worth about $2.1 billion, India aims to produce 5 million tons of green hydrogen by 2030 in a quest to decarbonise industries and ensure its energy security. Its push comes as several Western countries have scaled back ambitious green hydrogen goals from the start of this decade on cost constraints and slower-than-expected demand growth.

India has brought the price of producing green hydrogen as low as 279 Indian rupees (around $3) per kilogram, from around $5 per kilogram in 2023, when the government launched its National Green Hydrogen Mission.

Under the initiative, industrial heavyweights including Larsen & Toubro LART.NS, Bharat Petroleum Corp BPCL.NS, GAIL GAIL.NS and JSW Steel JSTL.NS produce about 8,000 tons of green hydrogen and its derivatives annually. SECI pools demand and secures supplies.

Tripathi said SECI was also preparing green methanol tenders targeted at the domestic market and expected to issue them within the next two months.

($1 = 95.2300 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Sethuraman NR; Editing by Emelia Sithole-Matarise)

(([email protected]; (+91 9945291420); Reuters Messaging: [email protected]))

Larsen & Toubro's offshore energy arm secured an ultra-mega order, valued at more than ₹15,000 crore, from ADNOC Offshore for a major project in the Middle East covering the development of multiple offshore facilities. LTEH Offshore will act as lead partner in a consortium, executing the bulk of the engineering, procurement, construction, installation and commissioning scope as well as the upgrade of existing facilities, with significant fabrication at L&T's own yards. It is the largest single award disclosed by the company in recent weeks, following a ₹10,000-15,000 crore metals and minerals order in July. Q1 order inflow ran to ₹108,014 crore and the consolidated order book stood at ₹778,954 crore at end-June, against quarterly revenue of ₹67,942 crore.

Powered by Tijori

Aug 4 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO- WINS ULTRA-MEGA ORDER FROM ADNOC OFFSHORE

• LARSEN & TOUBRO GOT ORDER WORTH OVER 150 BILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE2Lr4FJ

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

July 31 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - ENERGY HYDROCARBON ONSHORE SIGNS SIX-YEAR EPC AGREEMENT WITH PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT OMAN

Source text: ID:nBSE1CN5Fv

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Larsen & Toubro's energy business secured a Limited Notice to Proceed from NTPC for the 1,600 MW Lara Stage-III ultra-supercritical thermal power plant in Chhattisgarh. The order, in the ₹5,000-10,000 crore range, covers design to commissioning of boilers, turbines, generators, and balance of plant on an EPC basis. The full notice to proceed is subject to environmental clearance. It is the company's third ultra-supercritical project from NTPC in the past two years, reflecting repeat business from India's largest power utility. The award follows a series of large new orders recorded by L&T in recent weeks, including a mega order for metals and minerals and a major order for residential and commercial buildings. L&T's consolidated order book stood at ₹7,78,954 crore as of the June 2026 quarter, with energy projects forming a key vertical.

Powered by Tijori

July 30 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• SECURES LNTP FROM NTPC FOR 1,600 MW LARA STAGE-III PLANT

• GOT ORDER WORTH BETWEEN 100-150 BILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE51z12y

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Larsen & Toubro secured a Framework Cooperation Agreement with Dutch-German transmission system operator TenneT for a 2 GW offshore wind programme. The consortium with Hitachi Energy covers six projects, including new platforms Nederwiek 3 in the Netherlands and LanWin 5 in Germany, building on two already underway, and represents 8 GW of cumulative transmission capacity. L&T classified the order as Ultra-Mega, above ₹15,000 crores, and will execute the offshore converter platforms and associated infrastructure. It is L&T’s first offshore wind order in the ultra-mega category and follows a string of large international wins, including a ₹10,000–15,000 crore multiple-order package for its Metals & Minerals business announced a week earlier. At the close of FY26, the company’s order book stood at a record ₹7.4 trillion, and this framework further extends its backlog. The win deepens L&T’s presence in the European renewable energy market and aligns with its pivot toward new energy sectors such as green hydrogen and data centres.

Powered by Tijori

Rewrites with details from earnings calls

By Urvi Dugar

BENGALURU, July 28 (Reuters) - Larsen & Toubro LART.NS maintained its annual revenue and margin forecast on Tuesday, after posting a higher first-quarter profit as strong project execution and steady order inflows helped India's top construction firm weather geopolitical challenges.

L&T reiterated its outlook for broadly stable margins at around 8.3% for fiscal 2027, along with a top line and order book growth of 10% to 12% each.

Strong profit growth, a robust order backlog and expectations of improved execution in the second half helped offset concerns over its Middle East exposure, while new offshore wind orders from Europe supported order book growth.

The company sustained its momentum by shifting focus across sectors and geographies, Chairman and Managing Director S N Subrahmanyan said in a statement.

L&T, widely seen as a barometer for India's infrastructure sector, said the Middle East accounted for about 11% of its 1.08 trillion rupee ($11.27 billion) order inflow during the three months ended June, compared with 47% in the previous quarter.

The region contributes nearly 29% of its overall revenue.

The company said quarterly revenue in infrastructure, its biggest segment, fell 3% from a year ago as supply-chain disruptions linked to the West Asia crisis weighed on execution.

"If these things stabilize during the current quarter, we would possibly see growth in revenue return back to this segment from H2 (second half) onwards," the company said in a post-earnings call on Tuesday.

L&T's consolidated net profit rose about 14% and revenue grew 6.7% for the June quarter. Its EBITDA margins contracted to 9% from 9.9% a year ago, as the company dealt with volatile commodity prices.

Its shares have lost 7.5% this year, outperforming the Nifty 50 index .NSEI as analysts see investors weighing the benefits of a strong domestic capex cycle against the risks from its significant international operations in a volatile region.

($1 = 95.8525 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Urvi Dugar; Editing by Harikrishnan Nair and Shreya Biswas)

(([email protected]; +91 9558725583;))

July 27 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - SECURES MAJOR ORDER FOR HOUSING REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN MUMBAI

• LARSEN & TOUBRO - GOT ORDER WORTH BETWEEN 50-100 BLN RUPEES

Source text: ID:nBSE9XSJhB

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

July 24 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - L&T HEAVY ENGINEERING WINS ORDERS (LARGE) IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

• LARSEN & TOUBRO GOT ORDER WORTH BETWEEN 25-50 BILLION RUPEES

Source text: ID:nnAZN4T9NYM

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

Larsen & Toubro's Metals & Minerals business on July 20 won multiple mega orders collectively classified in the ₹10,000-15,000 crore range from leading domestic metals and mining companies. One order is from India's largest iron ore producer, a public sector company, for a package of an 18 MTPA iron ore handling plant in Chhattisgarh, part of its expansion to 100 MTPA capacity by 2030. Another is from a Navratna public sector company for various design-and-build packages of a steel plant expansion in West Bengal from 2.5 MTPA to 7.1 MTPA. The third is an EPC order from a major private sector metals producer for a zinc processing plant, covering design, engineering, procurement, installation and commissioning. Chairman S N Subrahmanyan said the wins reaffirm L&T's leadership in the metals and minerals EPC sector and reflect customer trust in the company's ability to deliver projects of exceptional scale.

Powered by Tijori

July 20 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - ORDERS (MEGA) FOR METALS & MINERALS BUSINESS

• LARSEN & TOUBRO GOT ORDER WORTH BETWEEN 100-150 BILLION RUPEES

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

** Shares of Indian engineering R&D firm L&T Technology Services LTEH.NS rise 5.3% to 3,467 rupees

** Co on Tuesday reported 13% rise in Q1 net profit y/y; rev up 11.5% y/y

** Emkay Global ("add", PT 3800 rupees) says operating performance steady, adds that consistent delivery on medium-term growth ambitions key to monitor

** Centrum Broking ("neutral", PT 3544 rupees) says margin expansion aided by operational discipline, favourable business mix and improved execution

** More than 369, 000 shares traded by 9:57 a.m., nearly 3x the 30-day avg

** Stock on avg rated "hold" by 27 analysts; median PT is 3,500 rupees - data compiled by LSEG

** LTEH down 22.4% YTD

(Reporting by Abhirami G in Bengaluru)

(([email protected]))

BENGALURU, July 14 (Reuters) - India's L&T Technology Services LTEH.NS, an engineering research and development firm, posted an 11.5% rise in quarterly consolidated revenue on Tuesday, supported by robust client spending in its sustainability segment.

The company had said in March it would sell its smart world and communication business, which included telecom and cybersecurity, to sharpen focus on manufacturing, industrial and technology-led sectors.

Here are some details:

• The company reported consolidated revenue of 29.4 billion rupees ($305.61 million) for the quarter ended June 30, compared with 26.37 billion rupees a year ago.

• Net profit was up 13% at 3.57 billion rupees.

• Revenue in constant currency, or stripping out exchange-rate effects, was up 1.9% year-on-year.

• The sustainability segment, which comprises industrial products and plant engineering, grew 11.3% during the quarter.

• A weak rupee also helped as most clients are billed in foreign currencies while incurring most costs in rupees.

• Revenue from North America, which accounts for more than half of the company's overall revenue, grew 3.3%.

• ER&D firms largely rely on businesses from automotive and aerospace clients in the U.S and Europe, which have been impacted by geopolitical uncertainties, leading to weak demand and slower recovery in global EV R&D spending.

• The company's mobility unit, from which it derives a third of its revenue, grew 0.8%, while revenue from its tech segment fell 10.6%.

• Revenue from Europe and India declined.

• The company said it has partnered with Anthropic to leverage Claude for delivering products, services and industrial solutions to clients.

($1 = 96.2000 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Haripriya Suresh in Bengaluru; Editing by Shilpi Majumdar)

(([email protected]))

July 8 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - L&T VYOMA AND FORTANIX PARTNER

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - PARTNERSHIP TO DELIVER CONFIDENTIAL COMPUTING WITH NVIDIA TECHNOLOGY

Source text: [ID:]

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];;))

MUMBAI, July 6 (Reuters) - India's L&T Finance LTFL.NS plans to raise 10 billion rupees ($104.99 million) through the reissue of 7.7942% June 2031 bond and a fresh issue of three-year and three-month tenor, three bankers said on Monday.

The non-banking financial company will offer a yield of 7.98% on the reissue and a coupon of 7.85% on the fresh issue, the bankers added.

The company has invited bids for both the issues later in the day. It did not reply to a Reuters email seeking comment.

Here is the list of deals reported so far on July 6:

*Size includes base plus greenshoe for some issues

($1 = 95.2500 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Dharamraj Dhutia and Khushi Malhotra; Editing by Nivedita Bhattacharjee)

(([email protected]))

June 25 (Reuters) - Larsen and Toubro Ltd LART.NS:

• LARSEN AND TOUBRO - VYOMA.AI INCORPORATES LTA DATA CENTRES

Source text: ID:nBSE27RZ5t

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];))

June 19 (Reuters) -

• SUSTAINABLE ENERGY INFRA SOLD ABOUT 2.1 MILLION LARSEN AND TOUBRO SHARES AT 123 RUPEESPER SHARE VIA BULK DEAL - NSE DATA

Further company coverage: LART.NS

(([email protected];;))

June 4 (Reuters) - India's Larsen and Toubro LART.NS signed a pact with the southern factory hub of Tamil Nadu to invest 186 billion rupees ($1.94 billion) in projects that include electronics manufacturing and a data centre, the state government said on Thursday.

Here are some details of the memorandum of understanding:

• This is the first investment pact in the industrial sector signed by actor-turned-politician Joseph Vijay's government since he became chief minister last month.

• The largest investment share, worth 150 billion rupees, will go towards a data centre expansion project in Kancheepuram district, which the state said would create 500 jobs.

• L&T will also invest 25 billion rupees in an electronics manufacturing project in Coimbatore, expected to create 2,000 jobs.

• The company will invest the rest to expand its Kattupalli shipbuilding yard to create 5,700 jobs, the state said.

• L&T did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.

($1 = 95.7650 Indian rupees)

(Reporting by Praveen Paramasivam in Chennai; Editing by Harikrishnan Nair)

(([email protected]; +91 867-525-3569;))

By Aftab Ahmed and Saurabh Sharma

NEW DELHI, June 3 (Reuters) - India is likely to order more than $2 billion worth of military drones from domestic firms this year in its biggest such purchase, an industry body working with the government told Reuters, as global and regional conflicts boost demand.

The plans are in advanced stages with deliveries expected over 18 to 24 months, for a jump in value from recent government orders worth 30 billion rupees ($313 million) for tactical-class drones, said Smit Shah, president of the body.

"In the next phase, tactical drone procurements in India may exceed 200 billion rupees, or more than $2 billion," said Shah, whose Drone Federation India represents more than 550 companies and works closely with the government.

Shah said the new orders may follow a fast-track procurement route designed to meet urgent operational needs, with deliveries probably needed within 24 months.

The defence ministry did not immediately respond to requests for comment on the likely purchase order, which Reuters is the first to report.

OFFENSIVE POTENTIAL OF LOW-COST DRONES IN SPOTLIGHT

India's push follows clashes with arch-rival Pakistan in May last year, when both sides deployed unmanned aerial vehicles at scale for the first time, highlighting the offensive potential of low-cost drones.

The conflicts in Ukraine and Iran have further sped adoption globally, driving down costs and reshaping battlefield tactics.

In March, the defence ministry approved a proposal worth about 2.38 trillion rupees ($24.85 billion) to buy transport aircraft, missiles system and "remotely piloted strike aircraft", or armed drones, without giving a spending breakdown.

"Drones are force multipliers on the modern battlefield," said Ramesh Chandra Padhi, an executive at IG Defence, a builder of advanced unmanned aerial and short-range missile systems.

"The Indian army is following emergency or fast-track procurement to expedite the induction of drones on a very large scale," the former senior army officer added.

DRONE INDUSTRY EXPLODES IN INDIA

India has more than 600 firms making drones and components, with more than 100 focused on defence applications.

The companies range from large players such as Adani Group, Larsen & Toubro and Tata Advanced Systems to startups like ideaForge, Newspace Research and Asteria Aerospace.

They work on building reconnaissance, logistics, loitering munition, precision-strike and critical component systems.

In recent years, India has overhauled a typically slow defence procurement process to allow faster acquisition of drones, particularly after clashes with Pakistan exposed gaps in surveillance and strike capabilities, Reuters has reported.

New Delhi has started relying on emergency procurement powers and swifter efforts under the Defence Acquisition Procedure, compressing timelines to months instead of years.

At the same time, in its push to boost domestic manufacturing, it is giving priority to systems made at home.

The government has also expanded schemes such as Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) to fund prototypes and enable smaller firms to win initial orders and help scale up production quicker.

At the same time, the defence ministry has opened more areas of procurement to startups and private firms, eased testing norms and pushed the armed forces to add systems through repeat and interim orders that let companies refine products rapidly.

The changes are reshaping India's drone industry, long dominated by small players, as better order visibility and policy support unlock funding and partnerships, DFI's Shah said.

Venture investment and tie-ups with larger defence firms have picked up, with companies ramping up manufacturing and research to fill rising military demand, he added.

($1=95.7750 rupees)

(Reporting by Aftab Ahmed and Saurabh Sharma; Editing by Clarence Fernandez)

(([email protected]; +91 99109 33884;))

Corrects company names, RICs in paragraph 2

NEW DELHI, May 27 (Reuters) - India has sought initial proposals to manufacture a fifth generation combat aircraft from three short-listed bidders, news agency ANI reported on Wednesday citing defence officials.

The bidders are Larsen and Toubro LART.NS-Bharat Electronics BAJE.NS, Tata Advanced Systems, and Bharat Forge BFRG.NS-BEML BEML.NS, it said, all of them Indian companies.

(Reporting by Hritam Mukherjee; Editing by YP Rajesh)

(([email protected]; @MukherjeeHritam;))